Respiratory System
The respiratory system allows us to take in oxygen and expel carbon dioxide. The respiratory system is based on the gases that first allowed for life on Earth millions of years ago. Oxygen allows us to burn glucose for the energy we need to live. Together with the cardiovascular system, the respiratory system taken in oxygen and distributes it throughout the body. Here is how it does that.
Functions
Structure
When air first enters the body, it comes in either through the nostrils or the mouth. The nose is the preferred pathway because the nose has cilia and mucus to help clean the air From there it passes the pharynx and the larynx and travels down the trachea. The trachea branches off into the bronchus, which lead into the lungs. The right and left lungs are slightly different from each other. The left lung is smaller than the right because it has to hold the heart. The right lung has three lobes and the left lung has two. The bronchi break off into bronchioles, which end in small sacks called alveoli. The alveoli absorb oxygen from the air and transfer it to the blood.
The lung is powered by a flat muscle called the diaphragm. When the diaphragm contracts and moves down, we inhale. When the diaphragm moves up, we exhale. When the diaphragm spasms, we hiccup.
The respiratory system allows us to take in oxygen and expel carbon dioxide. The respiratory system is based on the gases that first allowed for life on Earth millions of years ago. Oxygen allows us to burn glucose for the energy we need to live. Together with the cardiovascular system, the respiratory system taken in oxygen and distributes it throughout the body. Here is how it does that.
Functions
- Takes in oxygen, transfers the oxygen to the blood, and expels carbon dioxide
Structure
When air first enters the body, it comes in either through the nostrils or the mouth. The nose is the preferred pathway because the nose has cilia and mucus to help clean the air From there it passes the pharynx and the larynx and travels down the trachea. The trachea branches off into the bronchus, which lead into the lungs. The right and left lungs are slightly different from each other. The left lung is smaller than the right because it has to hold the heart. The right lung has three lobes and the left lung has two. The bronchi break off into bronchioles, which end in small sacks called alveoli. The alveoli absorb oxygen from the air and transfer it to the blood.
The lung is powered by a flat muscle called the diaphragm. When the diaphragm contracts and moves down, we inhale. When the diaphragm moves up, we exhale. When the diaphragm spasms, we hiccup.
Important Respiratory words
respiration -Three types of respiration. external respiration- gas exchange between the pulmonary blood and the alveoli. internal respiration- gas exchange between the blood and the cells. cellular respiration- the burning of glucose in the mitochondria that results in ATP
cilia-Tiny hairlike extensions that cover the inside of the nose and trachea that help clean air
pharynx-the throat; part of both the respiratory and digestive systems.
trachea-The windpipe; a passage through which air moves in the respiratory system.
bronchi-The passages that direct air into the lungs.
lung- An organ that exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide with the blood.
alveoli-Tiny sacs of lung tissue specialized for the movement of gases between the air and theblood
diaphragm-A large muscle located at the bottom of a mammal's rib cage that functions in breathing.
larynx- The voice box; located in the top part of the trachea, underneath the epiglottis.
vocal cords- Folds of connective tissue that stretch across the opening of the larynx and produce a person's voice.
respiration -Three types of respiration. external respiration- gas exchange between the pulmonary blood and the alveoli. internal respiration- gas exchange between the blood and the cells. cellular respiration- the burning of glucose in the mitochondria that results in ATP
cilia-Tiny hairlike extensions that cover the inside of the nose and trachea that help clean air
pharynx-the throat; part of both the respiratory and digestive systems.
trachea-The windpipe; a passage through which air moves in the respiratory system.
bronchi-The passages that direct air into the lungs.
lung- An organ that exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide with the blood.
alveoli-Tiny sacs of lung tissue specialized for the movement of gases between the air and theblood
diaphragm-A large muscle located at the bottom of a mammal's rib cage that functions in breathing.
larynx- The voice box; located in the top part of the trachea, underneath the epiglottis.
vocal cords- Folds of connective tissue that stretch across the opening of the larynx and produce a person's voice.
Digestive System
The digestive system is probably the system that most people are more familiar with. Our daily lives generally revolve around eating and digesting. The beginning of the day starts with food and the day ends with food. The stomach is also the only internal organ we feel on a daily basis. With stomachaches, stomach growling, and full stomachs, the digestive system is always on our mind. Here's how it works.
Function
Structure
The digestive systems organs can be divided into two groups, the organs. The alimentary canal consists of the organs food passes through during its journey through the body. The accessory glands assist the process of digestive breakdown. Here is a more detailed look at how food goes down the alimentary canal.
The digestive system is made up of the organs that food passes through on its way through the body. The first stop is the mouth, where saliva and teeth chemically and mechanically break down the food. The nest stop is the pharynx, or the throat. The food then moves down the esophagus, which is a muscular tube that pushes the food down using peristalsis. From the esophagus the food passes the cardiac sphincter, which stops food from coming back up the esophagus from the stomach. In the stomach, the stomach uses acids to break down the food and the muscles convulse to churn the food. From the stomach, it goes to the duodenum where the mashed food is mixed with bile to break down the fats. From the duodenum, the mixture, now called chyme, goes to the small intestine. Small hair like structures called villi absorb nutrients from he chyme. From the small intestine, the chyme goes to the large intestine. The large intestine removes the water from the chyme and from there, it goes to the rectum.
The digestive system is probably the system that most people are more familiar with. Our daily lives generally revolve around eating and digesting. The beginning of the day starts with food and the day ends with food. The stomach is also the only internal organ we feel on a daily basis. With stomachaches, stomach growling, and full stomachs, the digestive system is always on our mind. Here's how it works.
Function
- Ingest food
- Digest food (break the food down and absorb nutrients)
- Rid the body of waste
Structure
The digestive systems organs can be divided into two groups, the organs. The alimentary canal consists of the organs food passes through during its journey through the body. The accessory glands assist the process of digestive breakdown. Here is a more detailed look at how food goes down the alimentary canal.
The digestive system is made up of the organs that food passes through on its way through the body. The first stop is the mouth, where saliva and teeth chemically and mechanically break down the food. The nest stop is the pharynx, or the throat. The food then moves down the esophagus, which is a muscular tube that pushes the food down using peristalsis. From the esophagus the food passes the cardiac sphincter, which stops food from coming back up the esophagus from the stomach. In the stomach, the stomach uses acids to break down the food and the muscles convulse to churn the food. From the stomach, it goes to the duodenum where the mashed food is mixed with bile to break down the fats. From the duodenum, the mixture, now called chyme, goes to the small intestine. Small hair like structures called villi absorb nutrients from he chyme. From the small intestine, the chyme goes to the large intestine. The large intestine removes the water from the chyme and from there, it goes to the rectum.
Urinary System
The urinary system is probably one of the most underestimated systems. Most people associate the urinary system with urine only, but this system is also responsible for blood filtration and detoxification, and in maintaining homeostasis of the body. The primary organ of this system is the kidneys, which do the blood filtering and detoxifying. The other organs mainly help waste from the body leave,
Functions
The urinary system is probably one of the most underestimated systems. Most people associate the urinary system with urine only, but this system is also responsible for blood filtration and detoxification, and in maintaining homeostasis of the body. The primary organ of this system is the kidneys, which do the blood filtering and detoxifying. The other organs mainly help waste from the body leave,
Functions
- eliminate wastes, hormones, toxins, and drugs from the body
- regulate blood volume and makeup
- help regulate blood pressure
- stimulates red blood cell production in the bone marrow with the hormone erythropoieten
Structure
The urinary system is made of kidneys, the ureters, the urinary bladder, and the urethra. First, blood enters the kidneys where it is filtered by tiny filters called nephrons. The nephrons are made up of renal tubes and blood vessels. In the renal tube, there is a structure known as the Glomerulus. The Glomerulus filters the blood and regulates levels of chemicals in the blood. What is filtered out by the nephrons is what makes up urine.
From the kidneys, the filtered blood goes back into the body and the waste (urine) flows into the ureters. The ureters are tubes that connect the kidneys to the urinary bladder. The urinary bladder stores the urine until it is releases by the urethra. The urethra is made of a sphincter that allows or stops the urine from leaving the body.
The urinary system is made of kidneys, the ureters, the urinary bladder, and the urethra. First, blood enters the kidneys where it is filtered by tiny filters called nephrons. The nephrons are made up of renal tubes and blood vessels. In the renal tube, there is a structure known as the Glomerulus. The Glomerulus filters the blood and regulates levels of chemicals in the blood. What is filtered out by the nephrons is what makes up urine.
From the kidneys, the filtered blood goes back into the body and the waste (urine) flows into the ureters. The ureters are tubes that connect the kidneys to the urinary bladder. The urinary bladder stores the urine until it is releases by the urethra. The urethra is made of a sphincter that allows or stops the urine from leaving the body.
http://9f1780.medialib.glogster.com/media/14898ee6ccd84a2780581f044b1ca4203c3647ff65058c28fe3f3745b3d47e4c/respiratory-system-pic-3.jpg
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video- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s06XzaKqELk
http://img.docstoccdn.com/thumb/orig/14699131.png
https://cincystudents.wikispaces.com/file/view/urinary_system.jpg/32399867/urinary_system.jpg
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